To find the effect of any non-unit load on a structure, the ordinate results obtained by the influence line are multiplied by the magnitude of the actual load to be applied. This means that they can be used even when the load that will be applied is not a unit load or if there are multiple loads applied. Influence lines are both scalar and additive. The influence lines show where a load will create the maximum effect for any of the functions studied. Influence lines are important in designing beams and trusses used in bridges, crane rails, conveyor belts, floor girders, and other structures where loads will move along their span. Common functions studied with influence lines include reactions (forces that the structure’s supports must apply for the structure to remain static), shear, moment, and deflection (Deformation). felt in a structural member) at a specific point on a beam or truss caused by a unit load placed at any point along the structure. In engineering, an influence line graphs the variation of a function (such as the shear, moment etc. The bending moment diagram and the influence line for bending moment at the centre of the left-hand span, B, are shown. Figure 2: The change in Bending Moment in a statically determinate Beam as a unit force moves from one end to the other.
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